成语名称：探骊得珠 tàn lí dé zhū
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[成语解释] 骊：古指黑龙。在骊龙的颔下取得宝珠。原指冒大险得大利。后常比喻文章含义深刻，措辞扼要，得到要领。
[成语出处] 清·陈其元《庸闲窄笔记·蒋振生书法论》：“如探骊得珠，觉前贤纷纷议论，均为饶舌矣。”
[用法] 连动式；作谓语；比喻做文章能扣紧主题
百科解释如下：
英汉词典解释
>>到爱词霸英语查看详解
发 音[回目录]
tàn lí dé zhū
感情色彩[回目录]
褒义
释 义[回目录]
骊：古指黑龙。在骊龙的颔下取得宝珠。原指冒大险得大利。后常比喻文章含义深刻，措辞扼要，得到要领。
近义词[回目录]
钩玄提要
反义词[回目录]
牵强附会
出 处[回目录]
探骊得珠[1][回目录]
人有见宋王者，锡车十乘[2]，以其十乘骄穉庄子[3]。庄子曰：“河上有家贫恃[4]纬萧[5]而食，其子没[6]于渊，得千金之珠。其父谓其子曰：‘取石来锻之[7]!夫千金之珠，必在九重之渊[8]，而骊龙颔下[9]，子能得珠者，必遭其睡也[10]。使骊龙而寤[11]，子尚奚微之有哉[12]!’今宋国之深，非直[13]九重之渊也；宋王之猛，非直骊龙也。子能得车者，必遭其睡也。使宋王而寤，子为齑粉[14]夫!” 《庄子·列御冠》
注释
[1] 探骊得珠：在骊龙的颔下取得宝珠。原指冒大险得大利。后常比喻文章含义深刻，措辞扼要，得到要领。
[2] 锡：赐与。借为赐。
[3] 穉（zhì）：同“稚”，骄矜。
[4] 恃：依靠 。
[5] 纬：编织。萧：蒿。
[6] 没(mò)：潜入。
[7] 锻之：打碎它。
[8] 九重之渊：泛指深渊。
[9] 骊(lí)龙：黑龙。骊：纯黑色。
[10]颔：下巴，这里意指口腔。
[11] 遭：遇到。
[12] 寤(mèi)：睡。
[13] 子尚奚微之有哉：奚微之有：微有奚……。宾语前置，“之”字复指“奚”，微：无，没有。这句话是说你还会有什么呢？
[14] 非直：不仅仅。
[15] 齑(jī)粉：粉末。喻指粉身碎骨。
例句[回目录]
老舍先生的《茶馆》聚国事家事、世态人情于一室，句句如探骊得珠，让我们在啼笑中感知着民众的无奈以及时代的黑暗。
事例[回目录]
高阳《胡雪岩全传·烟消云散》：“我一定说实话，你老兄一开头就～了。”
典 故[回目录]
很久很久以前，有一户人家住在黄河边上，靠割芦苇、编帘子簸箕为生，日子过得非常贫困。
有一天，儿子在河边割芦苇，烈日当空，晒得他头昏眼花，于是他就坐下来休息。他望着眼前的河水在阳光下闪耀着粼粼波光，想起父亲说过，在河的最深处有许多珍宝，可是谁也不敢去，因为那里住着一条凶猛的黑龙叫骊龙，他想，要是潜到河底，找到珍宝，我们一家人就用不着像现在这样一天干到晚，三顿还吃不饱，不如豁出去试一试。他把心一横，三下两下脱了衣服，一头扎进冰冷的河里。
开始他还看得见四周的小鱼在游来游去，再往深处，光线变得越来越暗，水也越来越凉，最后，他什么都看不见了，四周一团漆黑。他心里有点害怕，不知该往哪儿游。就在这时，不远处有一个圆圆的物体在闪闪发光，定睛细看，啊，原来是明珠！他憋足一口气游过去，双手抱住明珠，使劲一拽，明珠就到了他怀里。他迅速浮出水面，上岸后撒腿就往家跑。
父亲一见明珠，就问他是从哪儿得到的。他把经过一五一十地向父亲讲述一遍。父亲听了说：“好险哪！这颗价值千金的明珠是长在黑龙下巴底下的，你摘它的时候黑龙必定是睡着了。它要是醒着，你可就没命了。”故事见于《庄子列御寇》。成语“探骊得珠”，比喻写文章能紧扣主题，抓住要点。
英 译[回目录]
Groping about the Chin of the Black Dragon to Get a Pearl-Bringing Out the Best
Long,Long ago,there lived a family by the Yellow River.They lived a very poor life,depending on cutting reeds,weaving hanging screens and dustpans for a livelihood.
One day,the son was cutting reeds by the riverside.With the scroching sun directly overhead,his head was swimming,so he sat down to take a rest.Looking at the river water in front which was his father had once told him.in the depths of the river there were a lot rare treasures,but nobody dared to get them because a fierce black dragon was residing there.He thought that,if he could pe into the depts of the river and get the treasures,the whole family would not have to toil from morning till night and yet could mot have enough to eat as now.He thought it would be better to have a try,and he was resolved to try in desperation.So he took off his clothes nimbly and ped into the cold water with a splash.
At first,he could see small fish here and there all around.However,the deeper he ped ,the darker it became,and the colder the river water.At last,it was pitch-dark all around,and he could see nothing.He became frightened,and was at a loss where he should swim to.Just at that time,he noticed a round object which was glittering not far away.He fixed his eyes on it,and saw it was a bright pearl.He held his breath and swam over there,held the pearl with both hands,pulled it with a great effort,and the bright pearl come into his arms.He came out from the water immediately,climbed up the bank,and made off for home at once.
His father saw the bright pearl,and asked where he had got it.He told his father the whole story exactly as it had happened.Hearing this,his father said repeatedly,"How dangerous it was!This precious pearl was grown on the chin of the black dragon.The black must have been sleeping when you were pulling the pearl.If the black dragon were awake,you would be dead."When the son heard this,he considered himself very lucky indeed.
This story appears in The Works of Zhuang Zi.From this story,later generations have derived the set phrase "groping about the chin of the black dragon to get a pearl-- bringing out the best" to indicate that an article is to the point.
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