成语名称：按图索骥 àn tú suǒ jì
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[成语解释] 按图：按照图形；索：寻找；骥：好马。按照画好的图形去寻找好马。①比喻按线索去寻找需要的东西。②比喻按教条办事；不知变通。
[成语出处] 元·袁桷《清容居士集·示从子瑛》诗：“隔竹引龟心有想；按图索骥术难灵。”
[正音] 索；不能读作“sù”；骥；不能读作“yì”。
[辨形] 索；不能写作“素”；骥；不能写作“冀”。
[近义] 照本宣科 生搬硬套
[反义] 不落窠臼
[用法] 多含贬义。用来比喻按照线索去寻求事物。一般作谓语；也作定语、状语。
[结构] 偏正式。
[例句] 工具书中索引的作用；就在于能让人～；很快找到自己所要的资料。
[英译] locate sth。 by a plan or chart
据说，伯乐把自已丰富的识马经验，编写成一本《相马经》，在书上，他写了各种各样的千里马的特征，并画了不少插图，供人们作识马的参考。
伯乐有个儿子，智质很差，他看了父亲的《相马经》，也很想出去找千里马。他看到《相马经》上说：“千里马的主要特征是，高脑门，大眼睛，蹄子像摞起来的酒曲块”，便拿看书，往外走去，想试试自己的眼力。
走了不远，他看到一只大癞蛤蟆，忙捉回去告诉他父亲说：“我找到了匹好马，和你那本《相马经》上说的差不多，只是蹄子不像摞起来的酒曲块！”
伯乐看了看儿子手里的大癞蛤蟆，不由感到又好笑又好气，幽默地说：“这‘马’爱跳，没办法骑呀！”
百科解释如下：
按图索骥
春秋时候，秦国有个叫孙阳的人，擅长相马，无论什么样的马，他一眼就能分出优劣。他常常被人请去识马、选马，人们都称他为伯乐（“伯乐”本是天上的星名，据说负责管理天马）。 有一次，孙阳路过一个地方，忽见一匹拖着盐车的老马冲他叫个不停，走近一看，原来是匹千里马，只是年龄稍大了点。老马拉着车艰难地走着，孙阳觉得太委屈了这匹千里马，它本是可以奔跑于疆场，可以发挥更大作用的宝马良驹，现在却默默无闻地拖着盐车，慢慢地消耗着它的锐气和体力，实在可惜！孙阳想到这里，难过得落下泪来……英汉词典解释
>>到爱词霸英语查看详解
成语资料[回目录]
【注 音】àn tú suǒ jì
【出 处】东汉·班固《汉书·梅福传》
元·袁桷《清容居士集·示从子瑛》：“隔竹引龟心有想，按图索骥术难灵。”
明·赵汸《葬书问对》：“以管中窥豹，每见一斑；按图索骥者，多失于骊黄牝牡。”
【古 文】伯乐《相马经》有“隆颡（sǎng）跌日，蹄如累麴（qū）”之语，其子执《马经》以求马，出见大蟾蜍，谓其父曰：“得一马，略与相同，但蹄不如累麴尔！”伯乐知其子之愚，但转怒为笑曰：“此马好跳，不堪御也。”所谓按图索骏也。
【释 义】索：找；骥：良马。按照画像去寻求好马。比喻墨守成规办事；也比喻按照线索去寻求。
隆颡（sǎng）：形容千里马的额头丰满。跌日：形容千里马的眼睛闪闪发光。
蹄如累麴（qū）：形容千里马的蹄子又大又端正。
【用 法】作谓语、定语、状语；比喻做事拘泥教条，墨守成规。现在指顺着线索去寻找。
【结 构】偏正式
【谜 语】悲鸿画马，伯乐来相
【相近词】照本宣科、生搬硬套
【反义词】不落窠臼
【押韵词】东道之谊、敝盖不弃、沈声静气、焮天铄地、熏莸同器、两雄不并立、崇论谹议、回心转意、殷天震地、通都大邑
【歇后语】伯乐儿子找马
成语典故[回目录]
孙阳有个儿子，看了父亲写的《相马经》，以为相马很容易，就拿着这本书到处找好马。他按照书上所绘的图形去找，一无所获。又按书中所写的特征去找，最后发现有一只癞蛤蟆很像书中写的千里马的特征，便高兴地把癞蛤蟆带回家，对父亲说：“爸爸，我找到一匹千里马，只是蹄子稍差些。”父亲一看，哭笑不得，没想到儿子竟如此愚笨，便幽默地说：“可惜这马太喜欢跳了，不能用来拉车。”接着感叹道：“所谓按图索骥也。”
英文翻译
Looking for a Steed with the Aid Of Its Picture
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man in the State of Qin whose name was Sun Yang. Sun Yang was very expert in looking at horses and judging their worth. Whatever the horse might be, he could tell whether it was good or bad at first sight. People called him Bo Le (Bo Le was the name of one of the celestial bodies and was fabled to be in charge of heavenly steeds), and he was often asked to appraise and select horses.
One day, when Sun Yang was passing a place, an old horse pulling acart loaded with salt suddenly neighed to him without stopping. He came near, and saw that it was a horse that really could cover a thousand Li a day, and that the only problem with it was that it was a little too old. The old horse was pulling the heavy cart with difficulties and hardships. Sun Yang felt acutely that the horse was really unjustly treated, for it might have been a fine steed galloping on the battlefield. It was a great pity that it was pulling the cart loaded with salt without attracting public attention, which had taken the edge off its spirit and consumed its energy. When he thought of this, he was so grieved that he shed tears.
In order to help more people learn how to appraise horses so that fine horses which could cover a thousand LI a day would no longer fall into oblivion, and also in order to ensure that his unique skill in judging horses would not be lost, Sun Yang worte a book entitled The Art of Looking at Horses and Judging Their Worth, based on his experiences and knowledge accumulated over the years. The book was also illustrated with the pictures of various horses.
Sun Yang had a son who, after reading his father's The Art of Looking at Horses and Judging Their Worth, thought it was very esay to appraise horses. So he took the book with him to look for fine horses everywhere. At first he searched according to the pictures in the book, and accomplished nothing. Then he searched according to the characteristics of a toad fit very well the characteristics described in the book. So he happily took the toad back home, and said to his father, "Father, I have found a horse that can cover a thousand Li a day, only its hoofs are not good enough." Looking at the toad, Sun Yang did not know whether he should laugh or cry. Knowing that his son was stupid, Sun Yang said humourously. "It's a pity that this horse is too fond of jumping to pull a cart." Then he sighed, "That is just what we call looking for a steed with the aid of its picture."
Later, people have used the set phrase "look for a steed with the aid of its picture" to refer to handling affairs mechanically in the outmoded ways without being flexible. Somethimes it is also used to refer to trying to locate something by following up a clue. This set phrase originates in Lumbering in the Forest of Art written by Yang Shen in the Ming Dynasty （1368-1644）.
成语辨析[回目录]
【辨音】 索；不能读作“sù”；骥；不能读作“yì”。
【辨形】 索；不能写作“素”；骥；不能写作“冀”。
成语示例[回目录]
◎ 明·赵汸《葬书问对》：“每见一班按图索骥者，多失于骊黄牝牡。”
◎明·杨慎《艺林伐山》：“……此所谓‘按图索骥’也。”
◎ 以“马克思主义为指导”，并不是说要照抄照搬书本上的具体条文，不是说要以本本为标准和规范，按图索骥，而是指把马克思主义基本原理与本国实际和时代特征紧密结合起来，在解决实践提出的新问题中坚持和发展马克思主义，推进我们的事业。
成语寓意[回目录]
把癞蛤蟆误认为千里马，这是寓言作者的夸张。但是，在学习和工作中，死背教条，生搬硬套，以致闹出笑话，招致损失的事例，确实是经常见到的。前人传下来的书本知识，应该努力学习，虚心继承，但是，一定要注重实践，在实践中切实验证、牢固掌握，并加以发展，这才是正确的态度。”按图索骥”这句成语现在既用来比喻办事机械、死板，也用来比喻按照线索寻找。后一种用法不含贬义。
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